COFFEE...
Coffee is one of the world’s most popular commodities, and as of 2022, the export of Indian coffee was valued at US$ 1.05 billion. India majorly exports Robusta coffee beans, a coffee bean species with low acidity and high bitterness compared to Arabica coffee. Apart from green coffee beans, preparations of coffee (31% of which is instant coffee) also have a significant share in India’s export basket. Almost one-third of the country’s total coffee exports constitute instant coffee. Over the past 10 years, until FY20, instant coffee has experienced a CAGR of 4%. The export of instant coffee increased by 16.73 % to 35,810 tonnes in 2022 from 29,819 tonnes in the previous year.
TYPES OF COFFEE
- Arabica | Robusta | Liberica | Excelsa
Arabica is known for its sweet, fruity taste and is the most popular worldwide, while Robusta offers a strong, harsh flavor with high caffeine content. Liberica has a rare, woody, and fruity aroma, and Excelsa provides a complex tart and fruity flavor, often used to add complexity to blends
Green Coffee Beans
Green coffee beans are raw, unroasted seeds from the Coffea plant. Roasting transforms the beans' chemical composition, flavor, aroma, and color, so green coffee beans possess different characteristics and properties than the roasted beans used for brewing. Green coffee beans come from the same Arabica and Robusta plants that produce roasted coffee. Green coffee beans contain higher levels of chlorogenic acid, an antioxidant compound. The roasting process significantly reduces this chemical. Green coffee has a much milder, more herbal, and sometimes grassy taste.
Roasted Coffee Beans
Roasted coffee beans are the result of the roasting process, where green coffee beans are heated to bring out their flavors and aromas. The roasting process can vary in time and temperature, resulting in different levels of roast, from light to dark. Roasted coffee beans are then ground and brewed to make coffee. The roasting process caramelizes the sugars in the beans, creating complex flavors and aromas that are released when the beans are ground and brewed. Roasted coffee beans are what give coffee its characteristic taste and aroma.